Managing diabetes in pregnancy requires a dual approach: lifestyle changes like diet and exercise, plus targeted drug therapy with insulin or antihyperglycemics. Early action, patient education, and tools like CGM and telemedicine enhance glycemic control and outcomes.
Source : https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39183456/
Aim: This meta-analysis investigates the association between testosterone replacement therapy [TRT] and carotid artery atherosclerosis. Methods: 3 databases were searched for studies up to June 2023 per the PRISMA guidelines....
Testosterone therapy shows no association with carotid atherosclerosis or lipid/inflammatory markers, though it raises testosterone levels, suggesting safe use in hypogonadal men without increasing CIMT risk.
Patient Background: A 79-year-old woman presented with persistent hypophosphatemia (serum phosphorus 0.8 mg/dL) and multiple stress fractures involving the ribs, spine, and pelvis, consistent with osteomalacia. Her medical history included type 2 diabetes mellitus, hypertension, obesity, osteoarthritis, and anxiety disorder.
Assessment and Diagnosis: Initial evaluation revealed severe hypophosphatemia (0.8 mg/dL; NR: 2.5–4.5 mg/dL), elevated parathyroid hormone (PTH, 169 pg/mL; NR: 10–65 pg/mL), and normal serum calcium levels. Despite vitamin D supplementation, hypophosphatemia persisted (1.7 mg/dL in 2023), and hypercalcemia developed later (10.9 mg/dL; NR: 8.5–10.2 mg/dL). Renal studies showed phosphate wasting (tubular reabsorption of phosphate [TRP] 56.2%) and elevated fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF-23, 1694 kRU/L). In 2024, ^18F-fluorocholine PET-CT imaging identified two right parathyroid adenomas, confirming a diagnosis of primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT).
Source : https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37610687/
Currently, available evidence consistently demonstrates and is in good agreement that, in general, the LDL-C-lowering effect of PCSK9 inhibitors is similar across genotypes, except for compound heterozygous and homozygous familial...
Genetic background slightly affects PCSK9 inhibitors’ LDL-C lowering in familial hypercholesterolemia, with reduced response in compound heterozygous and homozygous cases; clinical factors remain key for management.