Methylphenidate is a classic treatment for ADHD in children. Its immediate-release (IR) form lasts between 2 and 4 hours, whereas long-acting, or extended-release (XR), lasts about 8 hours. On its own, immediate-release methylphenidate can be used as a bridge to help children with evening symptoms and homework completion, but this needs to be taken every 4 hours, thus resulting in multiple daily doses.
Systematic literature reviews found IR stimulants to be more widely misused or diverted than XR stimulants, which could be a factor in selecting long-acting treatments that do not need supplementation.
For which patients would it be appropriate to use IR formulations?
What are the key attributes (or benefits) of IR and XR formulations that you consider for individual patients?
Considering a combined approach
It means having school nurses give the meds.
They’ve too much to do already and the inconsistency of levels is havoc on the kids.
Only use q4 in early pm for homework or disruptive beh at home.
Unfortunately it also negatively impacts sleep in a lot of kids necessitating some sleep meds like melatonin or clonedine
Occasionally I give IR treatment if need attention or special program after 3 Pm so Ir RX helps the next few hour of attention
Once tolerantly established as well as duration in an individual child I then switch to XR if needed
IR will be good to find out optimal dose also
Some patients have found them also to be helpful for the following:
1. IR dose in AM, eat a good lunch, then IR dose in afternoon- decreases weight loss because the AM dose is worn off an they eat!
2. For homework on weekends when they only need a few hours of focus and not the whole day.
3. Some of my college students have both IR and XR forms and vary them depending on their class schedule on a given day.
4. Several of my patients take an IR dose first thing in the AM because they are so distracted with morning routine, then an XR a few hours later to last through school day.
5. Occasionally used when someone is very happy with their XR dose but it ends a little too abruptly- the IR smoothies it out a little
It is rare that IR are beneficial in most children