Accelerated waning of the humoral response to COVID-19 vaccines in obesity - Nature Medicine
Source : https://www.nature.com/articles/s41591-023-02343-2
Obesity is associated with an increased risk of severe Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection and mortality. COVID-19 vaccines reduce the risk of serious COVID-19 outcomes; however, their effectiveness in people...
We found that 55% of individuals with severe obesity had unquantifiable titers of neutralizing antibody against authentic severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) virus compared to 12% of individuals with normal BMI (P = 0.0003) 6 months after their second vaccine dose. Furthermore, we observed that, for individuals...
Development of a Reinforcement Learning Algorithm to Optimize Corticosteroid Therapy in Critically Ill Patients with Sepsis
Source : https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm12041513
Background: The optimal indication, dose, and timing of corticosteroids in sepsis is controversial. Here, we used reinforcement learning to derive the optimal steroid policy in septic patients based on data...
Conclusions: Individualized use of corticosteroids in sepsis may result in a mortality benefit, but optimal treatment policy may be more restrictive than the routine clinical practice. Whilst external validation is needed, our study motivates a ‘precision-medicine’ approach to future prospective controlled trials and practice.
A dual-action antibiotic that kills Clostridioides difficile vegetative cells and inhibits spore germination - PubMed
Source : https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37155891/
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We document that the oxadiazole binds to the lytic transglycosylase SleC and the pseudoprotease CspC for prevention of spore germination. SleC degrades the cortex peptidoglycan, a critical step in the initiation of spore germination. CspC senses germinants and cogerminants. Binding to SleC is with higher affinity than that to CspC. Prevention...
Double Trouble Co-Infections: Understanding the Correlation Between COVID-19 and HIV Viruses
A global outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), an infectious disease caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), mounted a substantial threat to public health worldwide. It...
The collision of these two disastrous pandemics warrants the need to materialize rigorous epidemiological measures and health policies, but most importantly, brisk research in prevention strategies to mitigate the combined burden of the two viruses and to battle similar future pandemics.
Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome Reaction in Patient on Long-Term Prednisone
Immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS) can be triggered in many ways. IRIS has been recognized during tuberculosis (TB) therapy, especially in patients newly initiated on antiretroviral therapy for HIV or...
Immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS) can be triggered in many ways. IRIS has been recognized during tuberculosis (TB) therapy, especially in patients newly initiated on antiretroviral therapy for HIV or those taken off immunosuppressives such as tumor necrosis factor-alpha inhibitors. However, there are still many triggers of...