Conclusions: Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor of empagliflozin is a potent anti-hyperglycemic agent. In addition, it has been shown to have some pharmacologic potentials to provide renoprotective effects in patients with T2DM. In current study, we review the available clinical data on the potential renoprotective effects of this drug...

Conclusions: Similar positive findings on renal outcomes were recently reported as a top-line result of the empagliflozin trial in patients with CKD regardless of T2DM. However, the full results of this trial have not yet been published. While the use of older steroidal mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists (MRAs) such as spironolactone in DKD...

Conclusions: Predictors for incidence HFpEF in patients with T2DM were age, diabetes duration, presence of abdominal obesity and galectin-3 levels higher than 10 ng/ml.

Conclusions: Basal NO emerged as a determinant of the renal hemodynamic response in the combination therapy of empagliflozin and linagliptin, but not in the combination therapy of insulin and metformin.

Conclusions: In our study, we did not observe differences in mortality between patients with low normal or high SBP, neither on those with high, normal nor low DBP. Although there may be a selection bias and this is a retrospective study, more studies are needed to assess the influence of BP control on the evolution of HFpEF in octogenarian...

Conclusion: Empagliflozin significantly reduces serum-induced proliferation and migration of SMCs in vitro and prevents neointima formation in vivo, while augmenting EC proliferation in vitro and re-endothelialization in vivo after vascular injury. These data document the functional impact of empagliflozin on vascular human SMCs and ECs and...

Discussion: Asian American and NH/PI older adults with CVD had poorer mental health compared to their white counterparts.

Conclusion/Relevance: Establishing effective and safe therapies will help to not only improve treatment of hypertension itself, but also to address the adverse outcomes of arterial hypertension such as aortic aneurysm, renal failure, heart failure, and stroke which are the unevitable consequences of this chronic systemic exposure to...

Conclusion/Relevance: Herein, we critically reviewed the clinical evidence of empagliflozin for patients with heart failure and type 2 diabetes mellitus with the comparison with other sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 inhibitors and potential mechanism to provide the optimal and evidence-based management for patients with established heart failure...

Conclusion: Thus, the SGLT2i effectively attenuated the deleterious impact of Ang II-induced hypertension on target organs including cardiac diastolic dysfunction and remodeling, and endothelial cell activation and pro-atherosclerotic, pro-fibrotic and pro-remodeling responses in macro and microvessels despite persistent hypertension.

Significance Statement: We have identified for the first time a signature of microRNA functionally involved in the regulation of endothelial function that is significantly regulated in frail patients with HFpEF and diabetes. The treatment with the SGLT2 inhibitor empagliflozin caused a modification of some microRNA in a direction that was...

Conclusion: The present meta-analysis suggests that SGLT2 inhibition results in reduction of inflammatory markers in animal models, further validating the suggested anti-inflammatory mechanism of action.

Conclusion/Relevance: This is a review of the clinical and preclinical effects of SGLT2i, focusing on available data on the effects of SGLT2i in AMI patients with a brief overview of ongoing trials.

Main recommendations: Use of sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors to prevent hospitalisation for heart failure in type 2 diabetes mellitus can be extended to patients with multiple cardiovascular risk factors, albuminuric chronic kidney disease, or atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease ….

Conclusion: Among patients hospitalized with HF in this study, a higher burden of non-cardiac comorbidities was significantly associated with worse health-related QoL (HRQoL), increased risks of death, and rehospitalization post-discharge. The findings highlight the need to address the management of comorbidities effectively in standardized HF...

Relevance: Results from DELIVER trial and publication of EMPEROR-Preserved with sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors in patients with heart failure (HF) with ejection fraction (EF) > 40% represent a significant step forward in the treatment of HF with preserved EF (HFpEF). However, detailed analysis and attenuation of effect...

Relevance: Here, we summarize the latest and current understanding of the management for patients with established heart failure and type 2 diabetes mellitus and further present contemporary treatment options, sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 inhibitor, for these particular populations.

Conclusion/Relevance: Empagliflozin could upregulate MCAD expression by activating AMPK/FOXA2 signaling pathway, reduce lipid deposition and improve NASH in vivo and in vitro. This research demonstrated that MCAD is a key player of hepatic lipid deposition and it's targeting partially corrects NASH. MCAD thus may be a potential therapeutic...

Relevance: The cardio-reno-metabolic benefits of the SGLT2 inhibitors canagliflozin (cana), dapagliflozin (dapa), ertugliflozin (ertu), and empagliflozin (empa) have been demonstrated, but it remains unclear whether they exert different off-target effects influencing clinical profiles. We aimed to investigate the effects of SGLT2 inhibitors...

Conclusion: We compared ECG features of 101 patients before and after initiation of empagliflozin and found that empagliflozin was associated with a significant increase in QRS duration among diabetes patients with heart failure.