Conclusion/Relevance: Except for comorbidity-specific guidelines, no HFpEF-specific treatment of comorbidities can be recommended at this time. Optimized care is becoming increasingly relevant to reducing hospitalizations through a seamless inpatient and outpatient care structure. Current treatment is focused on symptom relief and management of...

Conclusion: Measurements of grip strength and blood pressure during exercise are useful predictors of prognoses in patients with non-ischemic and mildly reduced EF.

Conclusions: The benefit of empagliflozin on cardiac outcomes and decline of eGFR is preserved across the wide range of baseline NT-proBNP and hs-cTnT evaluated. Empagliflozin modestly reduces NT-proBNP in HFpEF.

Conclusion/Relevance: Current limited evidence suggests that SGLT2is might be a favourable treatment modality for patients with HFmrEF to reduce hospitalization for heart failure and CV mortality. This conclusion needs to be further supported by clear HFmrEF subgroup analysis of the existing trials. Further outcome trials involving sufficient...

Relevance: Insulin-resistant diabetes in Rabson-Mendenhall syndrome (RMS) is relatively unresponsive to first-line antidiabetic treatments, including metformin and insulin. We report 2 patients with RMS treated with 2 different sodium-glucose cotransporter inhibitors 2: empagliflozin in an 11-year-old boy and dapagliflozin in a 12-year-old...

Relevance: Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors are drugs that regulate blood sugar by decreasing glucose reabsorption from the proximal renal tubules. Primary hyperparathyroidism masked by empagliflozin is very rare and only a few cases are reported in the literature. We report a case of a 57-year-old man with a known history of diabetes...

Conclusion: Our results indicate that EMPA has direct effects on the heart, independently of reductions in blood glucose, to enhance mitochondrial function by upregulating mitochondrial biogenesis, enhancing OXPHOS, reducing ROS production, attenuating apoptosis, and increasing autophagy to improve overall cardiac function in a non-diabetic...

Conclusion/Relevance: This article reviews the history of HFpEF and the problems related to its definition and diagnosis over time, and critically reviews the results of the EMPEROR-Preserved Trial in light of these.

Conclusion: Findings from the EMPEROR-Preserved were modestly altered when analyzed using cardiovascular trial endpoint definitions of the DELIVER trial. For the composite renal endpoint, the effect of empagliflozin became statistically significant in patients with LVEF

Conclusion: As first-line T2D treatment, initiators receiving SGLT-2i showed a similar risk for MI/stroke/mortality, lower risk for HHF/mortality and HHF, and a similar safety profile except for an increased risk for genital infections compared with those receiving metformin.

Conclusions: Regardless of baseline albuminuria, eGFR, or HbA1c, Empagliflozin 10 mg daily significantly reduced albuminuria at 12 weeks compared to Linagliptin 5 mg daily in patients with type 2 diabetes.

Relevance: Herein, we review different approaches to HFpEF phenotyping and present some distinct HFpEF subtypes.

Relevance: Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) is considered to be a critical contributor to the development of heart failure. Empagliflozin (EMPA), a sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor, has been shown to prevent cardiovascular events and reduce the incidence of heart failure in randomized clinical trials. However, the mechanism of how EMPA...

Conclusion: The risks for subsequent development of HF, MI, AP, stroke, and AF were comparable between individual SGLT2 inhibitors. This is the first study comparing the wide-range cardiovascular outcomes of patients with DM treated with individual SGLT2 inhibitors using large-scale real-world data.

Conclusion: These results suggest that fatty acid oxidation is one of the targets for Empa treatment in the heart of db/db mice. This study provided new possibilities for the development of therapeutic interventions for diabetic cardiomyopathy.

Conclusion: Our data shows that SGLT2 inhibitors are an excellent alternative to treat the neutropenia present in G6PC3-deficiency

Conclusion: Overall, this review aims to enhance the knowledge on the diagnostic processes and best treatments available for HFpEF patients.

Conclusion: The PARAGON-HF and EMPEROR-Preserved trials will serve as the foundation for a new era in the treatment of HFpEF.

Conclusion: Although the individual clinical patient profile and physician assessment are paramount in treatment decisions, substantial differences in the economic impact of different antidiabetic therapies should be considered.